Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Spanish term or phrase:
períodos desfasados en un año
English translation:
a (three-year) moving window lagged/staggered by one year
Added to glossary by
DLyons
Dec 10, 2015 09:39
8 yrs ago
6 viewers *
Spanish term
United States
Each translation a gem!
Native in: English (Variant: US) 
Works in: Spanish to English, Portuguese to English
períodos desfasados en un año
Spanish to English
Science
Mathematics & Statistics
Time aggregation
Here's another question from the same sentence. Each new cluster shifts one year forward. I thought of something like 'periods offset by one year' - I'm over my head here!
La tasa de mortalidad se calculará en este caso como la suma de las defunciones del período sobre la suma de las poblaciones de cada año que conforman el período. En algunos casos, cuando las poblaciones no están disponibles año a año, el denominador puede obtenerse como la población del año central del período multiplicada por la cantidad de años del período.
La agregación temporal permite mejorar también la presentación gráfica de la tendencia de la mortalidad, como puede apreciarse en el Gráfico 2. En él, la serie original de 12 años fue convertida en seis bienios lo cual permite reducir la oscilación (variabilidad) que se observa en los datos anuales.
Existe otra alternativa a la agregación por períodos que consiste en calcular las denominadas **tasas móviles**. En este caso, la metodología consiste en elegir un período de tiempo—en general, compuesto por un número impar de unidades, por ejemplo, tres años—y considerar entonces **períodos desfasados en un año**: en el ejemplo de la Figura XX 2000-2001-2002, 2001-2002-2003, 2002-2003-2004, etc.
La tasa de mortalidad se calculará en este caso como la suma de las defunciones del período sobre la suma de las poblaciones de cada año que conforman el período. En algunos casos, cuando las poblaciones no están disponibles año a año, el denominador puede obtenerse como la población del año central del período multiplicada por la cantidad de años del período.
La agregación temporal permite mejorar también la presentación gráfica de la tendencia de la mortalidad, como puede apreciarse en el Gráfico 2. En él, la serie original de 12 años fue convertida en seis bienios lo cual permite reducir la oscilación (variabilidad) que se observa en los datos anuales.
Existe otra alternativa a la agregación por períodos que consiste en calcular las denominadas **tasas móviles**. En este caso, la metodología consiste en elegir un período de tiempo—en general, compuesto por un número impar de unidades, por ejemplo, tres años—y considerar entonces **períodos desfasados en un año**: en el ejemplo de la Figura XX 2000-2001-2002, 2001-2002-2003, 2002-2003-2004, etc.
Proposed translations
(English)
Change log
Dec 11, 2015 23:09: DLyons Created KOG entry
Proposed translations
1 day 7 hrs
Selected
a (three-year) moving window lagged by one year
Seems the most concise way of putting what everyone else has said in varying ways :-)
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thank you, Donal. 'Window' solves it beautifully."
+1
14 mins
Vittorio Ferretti
Works in field
Author of renowned dictionary
Native in: German , Italian 
Works in: English to German, Italian to German, Spanish to German, and 1 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
4
periods phase-shifted by one year
phase-shifing is a very common scientific term
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
Neil Ashby
: a three-year moving average shifted forward by one year / a three-year moving average with a one-year (forward) shift
43 mins
|
+2
51 mins
periods staggered by one year
(Phase-shifting is applied to waves, isn't it?)
I think the word "staggered" would serve. "Overlapping periods" is commonly found in relation to moving averages, but of course the three-year periods don't overlap by one year; they overlap by two, and you would have to redraft with some care in order to use that. I think this would be preferable.
This example is about investments, not death rates, but the principle is the same:
"In order to smooth things out I used 24 28-year periods, staggered by one month"
http://www.efficientfrontier.com/ef/100/rebal100.htm
As you can see from the following table, the periods are Jan-69 to Dec-96, Feb-69 to Jan-97, etc.: analogous to what you're dealing with.
Another example; this ones' about ECG:
"Figure 1 shows the mean (90% CI) time course of change in QTcF from baseline (ΔQTcF) during sequential iterations of 30 seconds measurements staggered every 5 seconds over 3 minutes for three episode of standing over 8 hours for the pooled group."
http://www.icardiac.com/portals/0/pdfs/standingresponse_foss...
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Note added at 1 hr (2015-12-10 11:02:10 GMT)
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Yes, "periods time-shifted by one year" would work too, or perhaps even just "shifted by one year"; but not "phase-shifted", I think. No cases of that in statistical analysis, as far as I can tell. But "periods staggered by" is actually more common, for what that's worth; here's another:
"Looking at all rolling 10-year-periods staggered by a month, starting in January, 1929, the worst decade returned minus 32.9%"
http://www.barrons.com/articles/SB103619423047559951
I think the word "staggered" would serve. "Overlapping periods" is commonly found in relation to moving averages, but of course the three-year periods don't overlap by one year; they overlap by two, and you would have to redraft with some care in order to use that. I think this would be preferable.
This example is about investments, not death rates, but the principle is the same:
"In order to smooth things out I used 24 28-year periods, staggered by one month"
http://www.efficientfrontier.com/ef/100/rebal100.htm
As you can see from the following table, the periods are Jan-69 to Dec-96, Feb-69 to Jan-97, etc.: analogous to what you're dealing with.
Another example; this ones' about ECG:
"Figure 1 shows the mean (90% CI) time course of change in QTcF from baseline (ΔQTcF) during sequential iterations of 30 seconds measurements staggered every 5 seconds over 3 minutes for three episode of standing over 8 hours for the pooled group."
http://www.icardiac.com/portals/0/pdfs/standingresponse_foss...
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2015-12-10 11:02:10 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Yes, "periods time-shifted by one year" would work too, or perhaps even just "shifted by one year"; but not "phase-shifted", I think. No cases of that in statistical analysis, as far as I can tell. But "periods staggered by" is actually more common, for what that's worth; here's another:
"Looking at all rolling 10-year-periods staggered by a month, starting in January, 1929, the worst decade returned minus 32.9%"
http://www.barrons.com/articles/SB103619423047559951
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
Neil Ashby
37 mins
|
|
Cheers, Neil. Maybe you should have posted "shifted" as an answer (you still could) :)
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| agree |
DLyons
1 day 12 hrs
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Thanks, Donal :)
|
+1
3 hrs
Neil Ashby
Spain
Spain
Native in English
Works in field
Spain
DrNeil TechTrans, Precision & Clarity
Native in: English
Works in: Spanish to English, English
Related KudoZ points
:
12
3-year moving/rolling average shifted forward (right) by one year
By popular demand..... ;@)
Reference comments
56 mins
Neil Ashby
Spain
Spain
Native in English
Works in field
Spain
DrNeil TechTrans, Precision & Clarity
Native in: English
Works in: Spanish to English, English
Related KudoZ points
:
12
Reference:
3-year moving/rolling average shifted forward (right) by one year
In statistics, a moving average (rolling average or running average) is a calculation to analyze data points by creating series of averages of different subsets of the full data set. It is also called a moving mean (MM)[1] or rolling mean and is a type of finite impulse response filter. Variations include: simple, and cumulative, or weighted forms (described below).
Given a series of numbers and a fixed subset size, the first element of the moving average is obtained by taking the average of the initial fixed subset of the number series. Then the subset is modified by ****"shifting forward"*****; that is, excluding the first number of the series and including the next number following the original subset in the series. This creates a new subset of numbers, which is averaged. This process is repeated over the entire data series. The plot line connecting all the (fixed) averages is the moving average. A moving average is a set of numbers, each of which is the average of the corresponding subset of a larger set of datum points. A moving average may also use unequal weights for each datum value in the subset to emphasize particular values in the subset.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_average
This ref. (if it appears correctly) gives a good explanation, with a graph, of an 11-year moving average
Climate Change Impacts on the United States - Foundation ...
https://books.google.es/books?isbn=0521000750
National Assessment Synthesis Team (U.S.) - 2001 - Business & Economics
Sufficiently popular to be repeated in subsequent years, the pool became a ... which occurs when the ice has shifted enough to move the structure about 100 feet ... of the year-to-year variation by calculating an 11-year average (for each year, ...
cTDN Forum - shifted moving average
ctdn.com/forum/indicator-support/975
May 24, 2013 - 5 posts - 4 authors
Discussion about ****shifted moving average****. ... on MT you can specify if you want it based on Median price ((H+L)/2), but I do not see that option in this one. ... and btw, it's the end of 2015, a year later, and it is still not available by ...
e-Study Guide for: Statistical Techniques in Business and ...
https://books.google.es/books?isbn=1467233544
Cram101 Textbook Reviews - 2012 - Education
Seasonal variation Moving average Hypotheticodeductive model Linear Seasonal ... as the repetitive and predictable movement around the trend line in one year or less. ... *****The fixed subset size is then shifted forward,**** creating a new subset of ...
Time Series Analysis: The Process of Seasonal Adjustment
www.abs.gov.au › ... › Methods, Classifications, Concepts & Standards
Nov 14, 2005 - This method applies a set of fixed filters (moving averages) to ... These correspond to seasonal frequencies of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 cycles per year. ... ****Moving averages are a type of filter that successively average a shifting time***** ...
Deregulation and Efficiency of Indian Banks
https://books.google.es/books?isbn=8132215451
Sunil Kumar, Rachita Gulati - 2013 - Business & Economics
observations for various banks over a given period of time. ... using a moving average analogue, where a bank in each different period is treated ... The window is then shifted one period, and an analysis is performed on the second 3-year set ...
pic - Fast and memory efficient moving average calculation ...
electronics.stackexchange.com/.../fast-and-memory-efficient-moving-ave...
Apr 20, 2012 - ****Fast and memory efficient moving average calculation ... For example, FF might be 1/16 and the multiply by FF therefore a right shift of 4 bits.****
Given a series of numbers and a fixed subset size, the first element of the moving average is obtained by taking the average of the initial fixed subset of the number series. Then the subset is modified by ****"shifting forward"*****; that is, excluding the first number of the series and including the next number following the original subset in the series. This creates a new subset of numbers, which is averaged. This process is repeated over the entire data series. The plot line connecting all the (fixed) averages is the moving average. A moving average is a set of numbers, each of which is the average of the corresponding subset of a larger set of datum points. A moving average may also use unequal weights for each datum value in the subset to emphasize particular values in the subset.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_average
This ref. (if it appears correctly) gives a good explanation, with a graph, of an 11-year moving average
Climate Change Impacts on the United States - Foundation ...
https://books.google.es/books?isbn=0521000750
National Assessment Synthesis Team (U.S.) - 2001 - Business & Economics
Sufficiently popular to be repeated in subsequent years, the pool became a ... which occurs when the ice has shifted enough to move the structure about 100 feet ... of the year-to-year variation by calculating an 11-year average (for each year, ...
cTDN Forum - shifted moving average
ctdn.com/forum/indicator-support/975
May 24, 2013 - 5 posts - 4 authors
Discussion about ****shifted moving average****. ... on MT you can specify if you want it based on Median price ((H+L)/2), but I do not see that option in this one. ... and btw, it's the end of 2015, a year later, and it is still not available by ...
e-Study Guide for: Statistical Techniques in Business and ...
https://books.google.es/books?isbn=1467233544
Cram101 Textbook Reviews - 2012 - Education
Seasonal variation Moving average Hypotheticodeductive model Linear Seasonal ... as the repetitive and predictable movement around the trend line in one year or less. ... *****The fixed subset size is then shifted forward,**** creating a new subset of ...
Time Series Analysis: The Process of Seasonal Adjustment
www.abs.gov.au › ... › Methods, Classifications, Concepts & Standards
Nov 14, 2005 - This method applies a set of fixed filters (moving averages) to ... These correspond to seasonal frequencies of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 cycles per year. ... ****Moving averages are a type of filter that successively average a shifting time***** ...
Deregulation and Efficiency of Indian Banks
https://books.google.es/books?isbn=8132215451
Sunil Kumar, Rachita Gulati - 2013 - Business & Economics
observations for various banks over a given period of time. ... using a moving average analogue, where a bank in each different period is treated ... The window is then shifted one period, and an analysis is performed on the second 3-year set ...
pic - Fast and memory efficient moving average calculation ...
electronics.stackexchange.com/.../fast-and-memory-efficient-moving-ave...
Apr 20, 2012 - ****Fast and memory efficient moving average calculation ... For example, FF might be 1/16 and the multiply by FF therefore a right shift of 4 bits.****
Note from asker:
| I like 'rolling'! I think it captures the idea quite well. Did you realize that you didn't post this information as an answer? It's very helpful. |
Peer comments on this reference comment:
| agree |
Charles Davis
: Time-shifted by one year would be OK, but not phase-shifted (at least, I find no instances of it anywhere in statistical texts)
14 mins
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I'm with you CD, "phase" is out of place, but "shifted/shift" appears to be a commonly used term. Maybe I should have posted it as a separate answer....
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Discussion